Hardware

Repeatability

Repeatability is the closeness of agreement between repeated robot poses attained under identical commands and conditions, standardized by ISO 9283 as pose repeatability. Industrial arms typically achieve plus or minus 0.01 to 0.1 mm. It is distinct from accuracy, the error relative to an absolutely commanded target, which is usually far worse until kinematic calibration corrects systematic model errors.

Why it matters for physical AI

Teach-and-repeat automation runs on repeatability, but perception-driven and offline-programmed systems need absolute accuracy, so the distinction determines whether a deployment requires calibration, vision correction, or neither.