Software & Middleware

ROS 2

ROS 2 is the ground-up redesign of the Robot Operating System, replacing ROS 1's custom transport and central master with the DDS publish-subscribe standard for discovery and communication. It adds configurable quality-of-service policies, support for real-time and embedded systems via micro-ROS, Windows and macOS support, security through SROS2, and managed node lifecycles, with long-term-support distributions such as Humble and Jazzy targeting production and commercial deployment.

Why it matters for physical AI

Production robot fleets need deterministic communication, security, and multi-robot support that research-era middleware lacked, and ROS 2 is the industry's consensus path for building such systems on open source.